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No Access Submitted: 30 January 2018 Accepted: 07 March 2018 Published Online: 22 March 2018

  • Resolving runaway electron distributions in space, time, and energy

Physics of Plasmas 25, 056105 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5024223
C. Paz-Soldan1,a),b), C. M. Cooper2, P. Aleynikov3, N. W. Eidietis1, A. Lvovskiy2, D. C. Pace1, D. P. Brennan4, E. M. Hollmann5, C. Liu4, R. A. Moyer5, and D. Shiraki6
more...View Affiliations
View Contributors
  • C. Paz-Soldan
  • C. M. Cooper
  • P. Aleynikov
  • N. W. Eidietis
  • A. Lvovskiy
  • D. C. Pace
  • D. P. Brennan
  • E. M. Hollmann
  • C. Liu
  • R. A. Moyer
  • D. Shiraki
ABSTRACT
Areas of agreement and disagreement with present-day models of runaway electron (RE) evolution are revealed by measuring MeV-level bremsstrahlung radiation from runaway electrons (REs) with a pinhole camera. Spatially resolved measurements localize the RE beam, reveal energy-dependent RE transport, and can be used to perform full two-dimensional (energy and pitch-angle) inversions of the RE phase-space distribution. Energy-resolved measurements find qualitative agreement with modeling on the role of collisional and synchrotron damping in modifying the RE distribution shape. Measurements are consistent with predictions of phase-space attractors that accumulate REs, with non-monotonic features observed in the distribution. Temporally resolved measurements find qualitative agreement with modeling on the impact of collisional and synchrotron damping in varying the RE growth and decay rate. Anomalous RE loss is observed and found to be largest at low energy. Possible roles for kinetic instability or spatial transport to resolve these anomalies are discussed.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

DIII-D data shown in this paper can be obtained in the digital format by following the links at https://fusion.gat.com/global/D3D\_DMP. The authors thank J. Kulchar, D. Taussig, M. Austin, S. Haskey, B. Grierson, R. Groebner, and Y. Zhu for diagnostic support, as well as N. Commaux and A. Wingen for their assistance. This material was based upon the work supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant Nos. DE-FC02–04ER54698, DE-FG02–07ER54917, DE-AC05–00OR22725, DE-FC02–99ER54512, and DE-SC0016268.
This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.

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  1. © 2018 Author(s). Published by AIP Publishing.

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