MENU
  • Scitation Home
SUBMIT YOUR ARTICLE

Thank you

For your interest in the Journal of Applied Physics (JAP)

Check for updates on crossmark
Prev Next
Published Online: 11 March 2016
Accepted: February 2016

New insights into the red and green pigments in the illuminated foral charter of Setubal (1515) by combined use of μ-Raman and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

Journal of Applied Physics 119, 104902 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4943617
M. Guerra1,2, M. L. Carvalho1,2, A. Le Gac1,3, M. Manso1,4, C. Mortari4, S. Longelin1, and S. Pessanha1,2, a)
more...View Affiliations
Abstract
The richly decorated foral charter attributed by D. Manuel I of Portugal, in 1515, to the village of Setubal, was studied using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry and Raman micro-spectroscopy. An in situ characterization of the pigments used in the production of this masterpiece showed a very different pigment palette choice when compared to other similar Manueline charters. The red and green pigments are particularly puzzling, as the widely used mercury- and copper-based pigments, vermillion and malachite, respectively, were not found in the illuminated frontispiece. Instead, the cheaper lead-based pigment minium was used in the King's flag, while a mixture of copper sulfates was found for the green color, identified by means of micro-Raman spectroscopy. This result led to a new look at the conception that only one Royal workshop existed for the elaboration of Manueline foral charters.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology—The awakening of the Manueline foral charters: science and technology insights into the masterpiece SPTDC/EAT-EAT/112662/2009. Mauro Guerra, Marta Manso, and Sofia Pessanha acknowledge FCT for the post-doctoral Grant Nos. SFRH/BPD/92455/2013, SFRH/BPD/70031/2010, and SFRH/BPD/94234/2013, respectively.

References

  1. 1. A. Le Gac, S. Pessanha, S. Longelin, M. Guerra, J. C. Frade, F. Lourenço, M. C. Serrano, M. Manso, and M. L. Carvalho, Appl. Radiat. Isot. 82, 242–257 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.07.027, Google ScholarCrossref
  2. 2. A. Le Gac, I. Nogueira, M. Guerra, J. C. Frade, S. Longelin, M. Manso, S. Pessanha, A. I. Seruya, and M. L. Carvalho, Microsc. Microanal. 21, 20–55 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927614013646, Google ScholarCrossref
  3. 3. M. Manso, A. Le Gac, S. Longelin, S. Pessanha, J. C. Frade, M. Guerra, A. J. Candeias, and M. L. Carvalho, Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 105, 288–296 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2012.11.110, Google ScholarCrossref
  4. 4. S. Pessanha, M. Guerra, A. Le Gac, S. Longelin, M. Manso, and M. L. Carvalho, X-Ray Spectrom. 43, 79–82 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.2518, Google ScholarCrossref
  5. 5. S. Pessanha, M. Manso, and M. L. Carvalho, Spectrochim. Acta B 71, 54–61 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2012.05.014, Google ScholarCrossref
  6. 6. L. Moura, M. J. Melo, C. Casanova, and A. Claro, J. Cult. Heritage 8, 299–306 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2007.02.003, Google ScholarCrossref
  7. 7. V. A. Solé, E. Papillon, M. Cotte, P. Walter, and J. Susini, Spectrochim. Acta B 62, 63–68 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2006.12.002, Google ScholarCrossref
  8. 8. I. M. Bell, R. J. H. Clark, and P. Gibbs, Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 53, 2159–2179 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1386-1425(97)00140-6, Google ScholarCrossref
  9. 9. L. Burgio and R. J. H. Clark, Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 57, 1491–1521 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1386-1425(00)00495-9, Google ScholarCrossref
  10. 10. H. Edwards, D. Farwell, E. Newton, F. R. Perez, and S. Villar, Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 57, 1223–1234 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1386-1425(00)00467-4, Google ScholarCrossref
  11. 11. A. Le Gac, “ Preliminary research on glues made of tawed leather, parchment and rabbit-skin,” in Parchment and Leather Heritage. Conservation-Restoration, edited by E. Jablońska and T. Kozielec ( Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikolaja Kopernika Publication, Toruń, 2012), pp. 31–60. Google Scholar
  12. 12. E. Martin and A. R. Duval, Stud. Conserv. 35, 117–136 (1990). Google Scholar
  13. 13. R. J. H. Clark, L. Cridland, B. M. Kariuki, K. D. M. Harris, and R. Withnall, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 16, 2577–2582 (1995). Google ScholarCrossref
  14. 14. W. Martens, R. L. Frost, J. Theo Kloprogge, and P. A. Williams, J. Raman Spectrosc. 34, 145–151 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.969, Google ScholarCrossref
  15. 15. A. M. Correia, M. J. V. Oliveira, R. J. H. Clark, M. I. Ribeiro, and M. L. Duarte, “ Characterization of Pousão pigments and extenders by micro-x-ray diffractometry and infrared and Raman microspectroscopy,” Anal. Chem. 80(5), 1482–1492 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1021/ac701887p, Google ScholarCrossref
  16. 16. N. Buzgar, A. Buzatu, A.-I. Apopei, and V. Cotiugă, Vib. Spectrosc. 72, 142–148 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vibspec.2014.03.008, Google ScholarCrossref
  17. 17. M. Pérez-Alonso, K. Castro, and J. M. Madariaga, Anal. Chim. Acta 571, 121–128 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2006.04.049, Google ScholarCrossref
  18. 18. P. Ricciardi, A. Pallipurath, and K. Rose, Anal. Methods 5, 3819 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ay40530c, Google ScholarCrossref
  19. 19. N. Eastaugh, V. Walsh, T. Chaplin, and R. Siddall, Pigment Compendium: A Dictionary of Historical Pigments ( Oxford, 2004). Google Scholar
  20. 20. S. Švarcová, Z. Cĕrmáková, J. Hradilová, P. Bezdička, and D. Hradil, Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 132, 514–525 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2014.05.022, Google ScholarCrossref
  21. 21. B. Gilbert, S. Denoël, G. Weber, and D. Allart, Analyst 128, 1213–1217 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1039/B306138H, Google ScholarCrossref
  22. 22. S. Valadas, R. V. Freire, A. Cardoso, J. Mirão, C. B. Dias, P. Vandenabeele, and A. Candeias, Microsc. Microanal. 21, 518–525 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927615000094, Google ScholarCrossref
  23. 23. Teophili, Diversarum Artium Schedula/Essai sur divers arts [12th C.] (Jacques Laget Editions, Nogent-Le-Roi, 1996). Google Scholar
  24. 24. R. J. Gettens and G. L. Stout, Painting Materials ( Dover Publications, New York, 1942). Google Scholar
  25. 25. A. Stijnman, in Proceedings of the First Symposium of the Art Technological Source Research Study Group, edited by A. Stijnman and J. H. Townsend ( Archetype Publications, London, 2005). Google Scholar
  26. 26. O. Hahn, Restaurator 31, 41–64 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1515/rest.2010.003, Google ScholarCrossref
  27. 27. M. J. M. Chorão, Os forais de D. Manuel 1495-1520 ( Serviços de Publicações e Divulgação do ANTT, Lisboa, 1990). Google Scholar
  28. 28. J. M. Garcia, Forais novos do reinado de D. Manuel ( Banco de Portugal, Lisboa, 2009). Google Scholar
  29. © 2016 AIP Publishing LLC.

Article Metrics

Views
74
Citations
Crossref 3
Web of Science
ISI 2

Altmetric

Please Note: The number of views represents the full text views from December 2016 to date. Article views prior to December 2016 are not included.