No Access Submitted: 17 June 2010 Accepted: 10 September 2010 Published Online: 22 November 2010
Journal of Applied Physics 108, 104310 (2010); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3500385
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We report the structural instability of TiO2 nanotubes subjected to treatment with ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) solution prior to calcination at elevated temperatures. The nanotubes were disintegrated into nanoparticles and the tubular morphology was vanished after 2 h of calcination at 500°C. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy were used to understand the nature of structural collapse in the NH4OH treated TiO2 nanotubes. It was concluded that the volumetric changes during amorphous to anatase phase transformation and surface cracking was the key role during the collapse of NH4OH-treated TiO2 nanotubes.
This work was financially supported by the Multiscale Technologies Institute (MuSTI) at Michigan Technological University.
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